Home Design Glossary

A quick reference for common terms used in home, interior, landscape, and CAD design software.

Common design terms

2D plan
A flat, top-down drawing used to show walls, rooms, dimensions, and other construction details.
3D model
A digital representation with width, height, and depth that can be viewed from different angles.
Aerial view
A top-down 3D view of a home, room, or landscape.
CAD
Computer-aided design: software used to create accurate technical drawings and models.
Cutaway view
A view that removes part of a model so interior spaces and structures can be seen.
DXF/DWG
Common CAD file formats used to exchange 2D drawing information between applications.
Elevation
A straight-on view of one side of a building, wall, or object.
Floor-plan trace
A tool for using an existing plan or image as a guide when recreating a layout digitally.
Materials
Surface appearances such as wood, stone, paint, fabric, or metal applied to a 3D object.
OBJ
A widely supported 3D file format used to exchange model geometry.
Photorealistic rendering
The process of generating a lifelike image from a 3D model using materials, lighting, and camera settings.
Site plan
A drawing that shows a building in relation to property lines, terrain, landscaping, and outdoor features.
STL
A 3D model format commonly used for 3D printing.
Topography
The shape, slope, and elevation of land represented in a landscape or site design.
Viewport
A window or frame that displays a particular view of a drawing or model on a layout.

Looking for software to put these concepts into practice? Use the Punch! Home Design buying guide.